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Nvidia and Palantir Could Still Be the “Amazon Stocks” of the AI Era

Nvidia and Palantir Could Be the “Amazon Stocks” of the AI Era

One company controls the computing infrastructure, and the other aims to become the operating system. Neither is cheap, but the AI cycle may still be in its early stages.

Market figures reflect intraday data available on July 22, 2026

Amazon became a giant not just by selling books online. It built a new technological platform to create infrastructure, retain customers, and continually reinvest while weaker rivals fell away.

This perspective fits Nvidia and Palantir AI stocks today. Neither company is unknown, and neither is inexpensive. However, both hold key positions in the artificial intelligence economy that could grow in value as the initial excitement leads to long-term use.

The opportunity still seems early, even if the prices are high.

The Real Lesson From Amazon in the 1990s

When Amazon first went public, it was a fast-growing online retailer that bore little resemblance to the diverse giant it is today. In its original 1997 shareholder letter, Jeff Bezos highlighted 838% revenue growth to $147.8 million and emphasized that long-term market leadership was more important than immediate profits.

This approach eventually led to a logistics network, a marketplace, an advertising business, and Amazon Web Services.

This comparison matters because Bezos sees a similar pattern in artificial intelligence now. During his 2025 appearance at Italian Tech Week, he described AI as an industrial bubble rather than just a financial one.

This is real. The benefits to society from AI are going to be gigantic,” Bezos said.

He did not imply that every AI company will succeed. In fact, he pointed out that industrial bubbles can fund both good and bad ideas simultaneously. This can lead to wasted capital, falling valuations, and the disappearance of many businesses. However, the remaining infrastructure and innovations can still transform the economy.

That’s why calling Nvidia or Palantir the “Amazon of AI” shouldn’t be seen as a prediction of similar stock returns. A better question is whether either company can turn today’s growing spending into a lasting platform that customers cannot easily replace.

Nvidia Owns the Toll Road Into AI

Nvidia stands out as the main public-market winner of the AI buildout. Its chips, networking equipment, and software ecosystem lie at the foundation of AI models. Companies may compete over chatbots and applications, but almost all need significant computing power.

Nvidia provides the essential tools needed to create that power.

The company’s first-quarter fiscal 2027 results illustrated how powerful that position has become. Revenue reached a record $81.6 billion, reflecting an 85% increase from a year earlier. Data-center revenue rose 92% to $75.2 billion, and Nvidia projected around $91 billion for the following quarter. Its GAAP gross margin stood at 74.9%.

CEO Jensen Huang stated, “Agentic AI has arrived, doing productive work, generating real value, and scaling rapidly across companies and industries.”

While promotional, the revenue numbers indicate that customers are investing real money to support this claim.

As of July 22, Nvidia traded at about $213.58, with a market value of around $5.21 trillion and a trailing price-to-earnings ratio of about 32.5. This valuation is high but not unreasonable for a company growing at Nvidia’s current pace.

The bigger challenge is scaling up. Achieving another tenfold increase would entail a valuation exceeding $50 trillion.

Analysts remain optimistic about the opportunity. When Nvidia first surpassed the $5 trillion mark, Hargreaves Lansdown senior equity analyst Matt Britzman told Reuters, “Nvidia remains one of the best ways to play the AI theme.”

This assessment holds because Nvidia generates revenue regardless of who ends up being the ultimate winner among companies like OpenAI, Anthropic, Meta, Google, a robotics firm, or an enterprise software vendor.

The risk lies in the spending cycle slowing before new AI services can generate enough profit for Nvidia’s large customers. Some investors are preparing for a slowdown in capital spending growth among hyperscalers.

Custom chips from cloud companies, increased competition from AMD, export restrictions, and limits on data-center construction could also hinder growth.

Nvidia can still rise from here; it is simply no longer a hidden opportunity. Investors are paying for an established AI monopoly position rather than purchasing a forgotten chipmaker hoping the market eventually notices.

Palantir Is Trying to Become AI’s Operating System

Palantir represents the riskier and potentially more volatile side of the argument. While Nvidia provides the computing power, Palantir aspires for its software to be central to decisions made by governments, manufacturers, hospitals, airlines, and other complex organizations.

Its Artificial Intelligence Platform, known as AIP, links models to a customer’s private data, security rules, and operational workflows.

This connection is crucial because a useful enterprise AI system needs to do more than answer questions. It also must determine who can access information, trigger approved actions, and produce an auditable record.

Palantir’s first-quarter 2026 business update indicated that adoption is speeding up. Revenue grew 85% to $1.63 billion. U.S. commercial revenue soared 133% to $595 million, while U.S. government revenue climbed 84% to $687 million.

Management raised its full-year revenue guidance to around $7.65 billion to $7.66 billion.

CEO Alex Karp expressed confidence in a shareholder letter quoted by Reuters:

The United States remains the center, the constant core, of our business. And that business is erupting.”

Palantir’s Amazon-like appeal lies in its ability to become deeply integrated. Once a company constructs workflows, data models, and decision systems around Palantir, switching to a different platform can become costly and disruptive.

This creates the switching costs investors look for in a strong software franchise.

The downside is that Palantir’s valuation leaves little room for ordinary performance. On July 22, it traded around $123.69, giving it a market value of about $318 billion and a trailing price-to-earnings ratio near 139.

The stock can drop sharply even after strong results because expectations are already very high.

A Reuters Breakingviews analysis of Palantir’s valuation suggested that the company has a solid path to becoming a leading defense and enterprise software platform, but it also warned that investors have priced the shares close to perfection.

This tension describes Palantir. The business may be in the early stages, but the stock price implies years of exceptional performance.

Why It May Not Be Too Late, but It Is Too Late to Be Careless

The strongest argument for continued growth is that the AI investment cycle is expanding from large model training into inference, autonomous agents, robotics, defense, medicine, manufacturing, and routine business functions.

Nvidia can engage in the computing demand across those markets. Palantir can step in when companies try to turn that computing power into real-world decisions.

Neither stock is risk-free. Amazon’s eventual success did not shield its shareholders from severe volatility during the dot-com bust. A revolutionary technology can be real while the price of a particular company may seem unreasonably high.

For long-term investors, “not too late” suggests there might still be years of business growth ahead, not that the stocks must increase in value next month or next year.

The prudent approach needs a five-to-ten-year outlook, the capacity to endure significant downturns, and position sizes small enough that a valuation adjustment doesn’t impact the entire portfolio.

A gradual buying strategy can lower the risk of investing all funds near a market peak. Diversification is even more crucial.

The emerging AI economy will likely produce multiple winners across chips, cloud infrastructure, software, cybersecurity, power, and robotics. No investor needs to identify a single perfect successor to Amazon.

The Winner Will Need More Than a Story

Amazon didn’t win just because it was linked to the internet. It succeeded because its management turned an emerging technology into a compounding business engine.

Nvidia has built that cash machine. Its challenge lies in maintaining exceptional growth from a $5 trillion foundation.

Palantir has more potential for growth, but it also carries a tougher valuation and execution risk. Its challenge is demonstrating that strong U.S. adoption can evolve into a broad and lasting global software franchise.

Among publicly traded companies, Nvidia and Palantir fit the “Amazon of the AI era” concept better than most. Nvidia controls the infrastructure layer. Palantir is competing for the workflow layer.

Both could significantly increase in value if artificial intelligence becomes as essential as the internet.

It may not be too late to invest, but it is definitely too late to invest blindly.

Disclaimer

This article is for informational and educational purposes only. This is not financial advice, investment advice, legal advice, or tax advice. Stocks can lose value, including the full amount invested. Readers should conduct their own research and consult a qualified financial professional before making investment decisions.

Source: All linked phrases in the article open the underlying company filing, investor release, product page, shareholder letter, Reuters report, or recorded expert remarks.

Nigeria’s Christians Are Burying Their Families While the World Stays Silent

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Christians Are Being Killed in Nigeria. Why Is the World Looking Away?

Eight people came together to mourn in central Nigeria. By the end of the weekend, their community was preparing more graves.

Gunmen attacked Otukpo-Nobi in Benue State during the early hours of Sunday, July 12. They killed at least eight people and injured five. The attack happened shortly after the burial of an elderly resident. According to a report from the Associated Press, the attackers also burned thatched homes and a motorcycle before fleeing.

These recent killings in Benue have reignited a long-standing debate in Nigeria. Are Christian farming communities being targeted for their faith, or are they caught in a violent struggle over land, water, ethnicity, and political power?

The honest answer is unsettling.

Religion plays a role in this violence, but it is not the only factor.

A Funeral Followed by Gunfire

Benue police spokesperson Udeme Edet confirmed eight deaths and five injuries in Otukpo-Nobi. Amnesty International Nigeria reported a preliminary toll of at least ten, highlighting how casualty figures can be disputed even after an attack concludes. The Nigerian newspaper Punch reported that the victims were attacked shortly after the burial of 80-year-old Adaje Okoh.

The violence seems to have affected more than one community. TheCable reported at least 18 deaths in attacks on farming communities in the Otukpo Local Government Area from Friday to Sunday. Two people were killed in Akpachi just before the Otukpo-Nobi attack.

The weekend was also deadly in nearby Plateau State. Vanguard reported that nine members of one family, including a two-month-old baby, were killed in attacks on the Kum and Wereng-Camp communities.

International Christian Concern, a Christian advocacy group, described the victims in Benue and Plateau as Christians and indicated the total death toll for the weekend was 25. That claim is significant, but it requires clear attribution. Authorities had not publicly confirmed the religion of every victim or established one motive connecting each attack.

Precision is vital when violence is already heightening religious fear.

Why Christians See a Campaign of Persecution

Many of the farming communities targeted in Benue and Plateau are predominantly Christian. Residents often accuse armed herders, commonly identified as Fulani Muslims, of the attacks.

For survivors who have seen their villages emptied, homes burned, and family members buried, the term “farmer-herder conflict” falls short.

It implies two equal groups fighting over wandering cattle and damaged crops.

Many attacks look nothing like spontaneous confrontations. Gunmen invade rural communities at night, shoot civilians, set buildings ablaze, and vanish before security forces arrive. The victims are often families asleep at home rather than armed participants in a land dispute.

In June 2025, about 150 people were killed in Yelwata, Benue State, in one of the region’s deadliest recent massacres. Nigerian prosecutors later charged nine men with terrorism-related crimes connected to the attack.

Christian organizations argue that religion cannot be ignored in this pattern. The victims often come from Christian farming communities, while alleged attackers are linked to a largely Muslim pastoral population. This situation creates a clear religious dimension, even when investigators cannot prove that faith was the main motive for every killing.

Why “Religious War” Is Still an Incomplete Label

Describing each attack as a simple Muslim-versus-Christian conflict also misrepresents the situation.

An analysis by the Institute for Security Studies warns that violence in Nigeria’s North Central region is often misunderstood. The crisis involves disputes over farmland and grazing routes, ethnic tensions, criminal groups, porous borders, population pressures, and weak government institutions.

Religious identity shapes political alliances, community trust, and how survivors view the attacks. However, it does not mean that every assailant acted to promote Islam or eradicate Christianity.

Nigeria’s Muslim leaders have also condemned the violence. After the 2025 Yelwata massacre, the Sultan of Sokoto-led Jama’atu Nasril Islam denounced the killings as “inhumane” and called for stronger security measures.

A thorough examination must recognize both realities.

Government Failure Is the Constant

Motives may differ from one village to another, but government failure is a consistent issue.

Residents report threats before attacks. Communities protest after funerals. Officials promise investigations, security measures, and dialogue. Yet, another village soon burns.

Whether the attackers are driven by religion, land expansion, revenge, organized crime, or a combination of factors, Nigeria has allowed armed groups to learn one lesson: rural civilians can be killed with little chance of arrest.

That sense of impunity allows any grievance to escalate into a massacre.

The Benue killings should not be simplified into a broad disagreement over resources. Christian communities are suffering serious and targeted destruction. Their fears of religious persecution are based on personal experiences.

However, labeling every attack as a clear religious war before investigators determine a motive risks worsening the same divisions that violent groups exploit.

Nigeria does not require a simpler label.

It needs to identify, prosecute, and stop the killers before another funeral marks the beginning of the next massacre.

When Popularity Collides with Principle: Trump, Iran and Human Rights

Trump’s approval rating is very low, but public dislike doesn’t erase Iran’s persecution of women and Christians or its support for Hamas.

President Donald Trump is leading with weak public support. A July Washington Post-Ipsos poll showed his approval at 37%, with 61% disapproving. Only 29% approved of his handling of the war with Iran. These numbers matter in a democracy, especially when military action risks American lives and greater regional conflict.

However, they do not provide a moral judgment on the Iranian government.

A president can be unpopular while still facing a real injustice. Opposing Trump should not require anyone to ignore the Iranian regime’s treatment of women, religious minorities, or dissenters. The issue is not whether people like Trump. It is whether the abuses occur—and if the response is lawful, fair, and likely to protect innocent lives.

Iran’s War Against Women

Iran’s record on human rights is not a made-up issue. A United Nations fact-finding mission found that institutional discrimination against women and girls contributed to serious violations and crimes against humanity during the crackdown after Mahsa Amini’s death.

Amini, a 22-year-old Kurdish Iranian woman, died in state custody in 2022 after being detained for allegedly breaching mandatory-veiling rules. Her death sparked the “Woman, Life, Freedom” movement. Authorities responded to the protests with killings, arbitrary arrests, torture, and sexual violence.

The repression continued even after the largest protests faded. Iran has used compulsory-veiling laws, surveillance, prosecution, and economic punishment to control how women dress and behave in public. Amnesty International reported that a new veiling law proposed imprisonment, flogging, and, for some offenses, the death penalty, although its implementation was temporarily paused.

A government that sees a woman’s uncovered hair as a threat to national order is not defending culture. It is using state power to enforce compliance.

Christians Are Treated as Enemies

Iran officially recognizes some historic Christian communities, but converts from Islam and members of evangelical house churches face much greater risks.

The U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom reported that Iranian authorities consistently targeted Christians throughout 2025. At least 143 Christians were arrested across 24 cities, with around 162 active court cases related to religious activities. Peaceful actions such as praying, baptism, communion, and celebrating Christmas were included in prosecutions, while one indictment reportedly labeled the Bible as a forbidden book.

This is not religious coexistence. It is selective tolerance for communities the state can monitor and punishment for believers it cannot control.

It is vital to distinguish between the people of Iran and its leaders. Millions of Iranians are not responsible for the regime’s abuses. Many have risked imprisonment, torture, or death to demand basic freedoms.

Iran’s Support Helped Sustain Hamas

Iran’s repression extends beyond its borders. The U.S. Treasury has documented how the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps provided Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad with hundreds of millions of dollars, weapons, and operational training. Treasury has also identified networks moving tens of millions of dollars from Iran to armed groups in Gaza.

That support matters because Hamas did not just conduct a conventional military operation on October 7, 2023. Its fighters and other armed groups crossed into Israel, attacked civilian communities and a music festival, killed about 1,200 people, and abducted around 250 hostages.

A United Nations commission found Hamas and other Palestinian armed groups guilty of war crimes, including intentionally attacking civilians, murder, torture, cruel treatment, and hostage-taking. A later UN report on hostages concluded that crimes against humanity—such as torture, enforced disappearance, and other inhumane acts—were committed against them.

UN investigators also found reasonable grounds to believe sexual violence occurred during the attacks and clear evidence that hostages experienced sexual violence while in captivity.

The suffering of civilians in Gaza does not erase these crimes. Neither do Hamas’s actions erase Palestinian suffering or Israel’s obligations under international law. Human rights lose their meaning when applied only to victims favored by one political side.

Popularity Is Not the Same as Principle

Trump’s Iran policies deserve careful scrutiny. Military force can kill civilians, empower hardliners, and create consequences that extend well beyond what leaders promise. No president should receive unchecked power just because the opposing regime is brutal.

But criticism must start with the facts. Iran’s government persecutes women, imprisons Christians, crushes dissent, and has materially supported Hamas. These facts remain true whether Trump’s approval is 60% or 37%.

The strongest stance is not blind loyalty to Trump or automatic opposition to everything he does. It is a consistent defense of human dignity: freedom for Iranian women, religious liberty for Christians and other minorities, accountability for Hamas’s crimes, protection for Palestinian civilians, and legal limits on every government using force.

Popularity changes. Principle should not.

Fox News Poll Shows Trump’s Approval Near a Record Low as Economic Anxiety Deepens

President Donald Trump is facing a challenge that can’t be dismissed as just media bias. A new Fox News poll, conducted by both Democratic and Republican polling firms, shows his job approval at 39%, just one point above the lowest rating he has received from Fox.

The poll highlights widespread dissatisfaction with Trump’s handling of inflation, the economy, immigration, and Iran. For Republicans, these results point to economic frustration shaping the upcoming 2026 midterm elections.

Trump’s Approval Remains Underwater

The Fox News national survey found that 39% of registered voters approved of Trump’s job performance. This rating has remained steady for the third month in a row and is slightly above the 38% low he reached in October 2017.

Immigration was Trump’s strongest issue, yet he still faced considerable disapproval. Forty-two percent approved of his immigration policies, while 57% disapproved. His ratings on Iran were even worse, with 34% approval and 66% disapproval, and on the economy, where 33% approved and 67% disapproved.

Inflation showed the clearest warning sign. Only 27% approved of Trump’s performance, while 73% disapproved.

These numbers matter because Trump’s comeback was partly based on his promise to restore affordability. Many voters do not believe he has kept that promise. Democrats now lead Republicans by 10 points on inflation and by nine points on the economy.

Economic Pain Dominates the Poll

Around three-quarters of registered voters gave the economy a negative rating. Another 75% said inflation had hurt them financially, including 34% who described their situation as serious. That serious-hardship figure rose from 26% last year.

Fifty-four percent expected the economy to get worse in the next year. While Republicans remained hopeful, 75% of Democrats and 64% of independents anticipated a downturn.

Trump needs voters to believe his policies are improving their lives, but the Fox poll suggests many see it differently.

A June Fox News survey found that only 12% felt they were improving financially, while 44% felt they were falling behind. The July results indicate that the frustration is not just a passing issue.

Who Answered the Fox News Poll?

The survey ran from July 17 to July 20, 2026, under the guidance of Beacon Research, a Democratic firm, and Shaw & Company Research, a Republican firm.

Fox polled 1,003 registered voters randomly selected from a national voter file. Of those, 681 participated through live interviews on cellphones, 70 answered via landline, and 252 completed the survey online after receiving a text invitation.

The poll included an additional sample of voters aged 18 to 29, increasing that subgroup to 350. Fox weighted the results according to age, race, education, and geographic variables so the total sample accurately reflected the national registered-voter population.

This distinction is important. The poll represents registered voters, not all adults in the United States and not only those who voted for Trump or participated in the 2024 election.

The margin of sampling error was plus or minus three percentage points. Trump’s 39% approval rating should not be seen as perfectly accurate, but that doesn’t mean the poll could be wrong by any significant amount.

Pew Research Center methodologist Andrew Mercer explained the limitation in a guide to understanding polling margins of error: “Because surveys only talk to a sample of the population,” the outcome will not match what would be found by interviewing everyone.

A Warning, Not an Election Prediction

An approval poll does not predict how every respondent will vote. Some who disapprove of Trump may still vote Republican due to party loyalty or dissatisfaction with Democrats.

Republican pollster Daron Shaw, who helps conduct Fox News polls, warned that Americans from both parties are becoming increasingly distrustful of the system. “Both think elected officials answer to the elites, both think the system is rigged,” he said.

The poll showed Democrats ahead on the generic House ballot with 53% to 46%, their best percentage in Fox’s version of the question since 1996. Democratic voters were also more likely to identify as extremely motivated to vote compared to Republicans.

The strongest message is not that Trump has lost his core supporters. Rather, his coalition is no longer enough to instill confidence in the broader public. When a Fox News poll shows only a third approving of a Republican president’s economic management, the White House cannot dismiss the result as simply liberal polling.

Trump’s political risk lies at home. Voters evaluate him based on grocery bills, housing costs, insurance premiums, and wages that feel insufficient. Unless these experiences improve, Trump’s approval rating may be the least of the Republican Party’s challenges in November.

Iran Is Witnessing Its Economic Life Collapse

Iran’s official inflation rate has reached around 90%. Food prices, sanctions, and military conflict are pushing ordinary families deeper into financial trouble.

Iran’s economy is facing more than just high inflation. It is in a full-scale purchasing-power crisis.

In June, consumer prices were roughly 88.6% higher than a year earlier, according to data from the Statistical Center of Iran. This figure rose from 83.9% in May. It’s the highest point-to-point inflation recorded in this series. In simple terms, a household trying to buy the same goods and services as last summer would now need almost double the money.

The impact goes beyond the numbers. Iranians are paying much higher prices for essentials like bread, medicine, and transportation, while wages struggle to keep up. War, sanctions, and the rial’s collapse have turned a long-standing economic issue into a national emergency.

Iran’s Inflation Rate Has Accelerated Sharply

Iran shows several ways to measure inflation, which can be confusing. The most striking figure is point-to-point inflation, comparing one month’s prices to those in the same month the previous year. That measure hit 88.6% in June.

The annual average inflation rate, calculated over the past 12 months, has been lower but still severe. The Statistical Center reported an annual inflation rate of 57.7% in May, while the Central Bank reported 53.9% for urban households. During the same period, the Statistical Center estimated point-to-point inflation at 83.9%, and the Central Bank estimated it at 77.2%.

Earlier official reports showed how rapidly conditions worsened. The Central Bank recorded annual inflation at 46.3% for the 12 months ending February 19, 2026. In just a few months, the broader annual measure increased above 50%, and year-over-year price growth surged past 80%.

Food inflation has been particularly harsh. Middle East Eye noted that prices for bread and grains were rising quickly, hitting lower-income households the hardest as they spend a larger share of their earnings on necessities.

The Rial’s Collapse Is Making Everything More Expensive

Iran imports food, medicine, industrial equipment, and raw materials that must be bought with foreign currency. When the rial weakens, those imports become pricier, and the higher costs spread through the economy.

In April, the currency hit a record low of around 1.82 million rials per U.S. dollar on the informal market, down from about 1.56 million at the start of the month. This drop reflected uncertainty from the war, the ongoing U.S. blockade, and increased concerns about Iran’s access to hard currency.

A declining rial also affects how people behave. Households and businesses try to safeguard their savings by buying dollars, gold, property, or durable goods. This creates more pressure on the currency and encourages sellers to raise prices in anticipation of future losses.

It becomes a vicious cycle.

Sanctions remain a key part of the issue. Restrictions on Iran’s banking system, oil exports, and international transactions have decreased investment and made regular trade more expensive. While the country still earns money from oil, moving those revenues through the global financial system is tough and often forces it to sell at a discount or rely on costly intermediaries.

War Has Turned a Weak Economy Into a Worse One

Iran’s economy was already weak before the latest conflict. Inflation was near 50%, the currency was declining, and public anger had sparked widespread protests. Al-Monitor reported that prices for food, drinks, medicine, diapers, and meals at restaurants rose even further as fighting intensified.

The war has hurt business activity, disrupted transportation, and limited internet access. Iranian workers interviewed by Reuters mentioned scarce jobs and the prices of basic goods nearly doubling. Internet shutdowns have particularly harmed photographers, tech workers, and other professionals who rely on online platforms.

Government spending is another issue. Military operations require funds at the same time tax revenue and private-sector activities are under strain. Funding larger deficits by increasing the money supply could add even more inflation.

The International Monetary Fund now projects Iran’s economy will shrink by 5.4% in 2026, while consumer-price inflation is anticipated at 68.9%. These forecasts describe stagflation at its worst: a contracting economy alongside rapidly rising prices.

Oil Cannot Easily Rescue Iran

Iran has some of the world’s largest oil and natural-gas reserves, but higher global oil prices don’t guarantee an economic boost.

Sanctions limit the number of buyers willing to purchase Iranian crude. War threatens production facilities, shipping, and insurance coverage. Fighting around the Strait of Hormuz can raise international energy prices while making it more difficult for Iran to export oil safely.

This contradiction defines the Iranian economy. The country is rich in natural resources but limited by isolation, underinvestment, and political risk.

Ordinary Iranians are paying the price. Savings are losing value, wages buy less each month, and businesses cannot plan for the future with confidence. Even if hostilities ended immediately, inflation wouldn’t vanish overnight. Restoring trust in the currency, attracting investment, and fixing international trade relationships would take years.

Iran’s economy is still operational, but that shouldn’t be mistaken for stability. When prices rise close to 90% in a year and output is expected to shrink, survival becomes the main economic story.

Iran is not just experiencing high inflation. It is witnessing the value of everyday economic life collapse.

America’s $2 Trillion Borrowing Habit Is Reshaping the Treasury Market

The world’s safest asset is increasingly supported by one of finance’s most leveraged trades. Washington is running deficits near $2 trillion, Treasury auctions need new capital, and hedge funds are becoming a bigger part of the system keeping government debt moving. The Treasury market is not about to break, but its stability increasingly depends on investors who can retreat quickly when financing costs rise.

A Flood of Debt Needs New Buyers

The Congressional Budget Office’s February 2026 outlook projects a $1.9 trillion federal deficit for fiscal year 2026 and expects debt held by the public to reach 101 percent of gross domestic product. The Treasury Department’s latest published financing estimate calls for $671 billion of privately held net marketable borrowing during the July through September quarter. The CBO projects another $26 trillion of public borrowing between the end of 2025 and 2036.

The buyer base has changed. CBO estimates that domestic entities held roughly 70 percent of publicly held federal debt in September 2025, while foreign investors held about 30 percent. The Federal Reserve and mutual funds were the largest domestic holders. Foreign governments and central banks remain important, but the United States cannot assume official buyers will absorb every additional auction without demanding higher yields.

Hedge Funds Fill the Gap

A Federal Reserve analysis published in June found that large hedge funds’ gross Treasury exposure doubled between 2023 and September 2025, reaching $4 trillion. Their Treasury holdings increased from about 4.5 percent to 8.5 percent of outstanding securities. Repo borrowing climbed to $3 trillion, while the 50 largest funds controlled approximately 90 percent of hedge-fund Treasury exposure. The Fed’s assessment was blunt: “The scale of this expansion is striking.”

Much of that growth comes from the cash-futures basis trade. A fund buys a Treasury security, finances it in the repo market, and sells a related futures contract. The profit comes from a small pricing difference that should converge. Because the spread is tiny, funds use huge leverage. The Fed estimates that the trade reached approximately $830 billion by September 2025, nearly twice its early-2020 peak.

This arrangement benefits Washington. Hedge funds create demand, connect prices between cash and futures markets, and help dealers distribute the growing government debt. Earlier Federal Reserve research estimated that hedge funds purchased $428 billion of Treasuries during the 2017 to 2019 period of quantitative tightening, with likely basis traders accounting for 91 percent.

Liquidity Can Vanish Under Pressure

Leveraged liquidity is conditional. Hedge funds maintain positions only while financing remains available and the trade is profitable. A jump in repo rates, higher futures margins, or sudden volatility can force funds to sell Treasuries at the worst moment.

That happened in March 2020. Federal Reserve researchers estimate that hedge funds sold a net $173 billion of Treasury securities during the turmoil, with basis traders responsible for most of it. The unwind intensified pressure on dealers and contributed to dysfunction in the foundation of global finance. The Fed eventually pledged to purchase securities in the “amounts needed to support smooth market functioning.”

Hedge funds did not cause the entire crisis. Foreign investors, mutual funds, and other institutions were also selling. The warning is that a buyer providing liquidity during normal times can turn into an aggressive seller during stress. As hedge-fund participation grows, that reversal becomes more dangerous.

Reform Helps, but the Backstop Question Remains

Regulators are pushing more Treasury transactions into central clearing. The Securities and Exchange Commission set deadlines of December 31, 2026, for eligible cash trades and June 30, 2027, for eligible repo transactions. Clearing should improve transparency and reduce some counterparty risk. It will not eliminate leverage or guarantee that funds stay invested during a shock.

The Office of Financial Research estimates that about 75 percent of hedge funds’ Treasury repo activity is still not centrally cleared. Stronger infrastructure helps, but it does not change the situation: hedge funds provide balance-sheet capacity because the trade is profitable, not because they have a public obligation to finance the United States.

America’s borrowing needs are colliding with a Treasury market whose marginal buyers are increasingly leveraged and sensitive to funding costs. This can work well for years. Then one volatile week can reveal the weakness.

That dependence deserves more attention than any single auction’s headline demand statistics.

Washington is not just issuing more debt. It is quietly increasing the odds that the Federal Reserve will again be asked to protect the market when private arbitrage stops carrying the load.

Is Gas Below the 2022 Average During the Hormuz Crisis?

America is facing an oil shock that should have caused higher gas prices.

The Strait of Hormuz, which handled almost 20 million barrels of oil daily in 2025, has been closed or restricted for much of the Iran conflict. Yet the latest official U.S. average for regular gasoline was $3.855 per gallon on July 13. This is slightly below the $3.95 Americans paid on average in 2022, when Russia’s invasion of Ukraine caused chaos in energy markets.

Gas is not cheap. The key point is that the Trump administration has prevented a major supply disruption from repeating June 2022, when regular gasoline reached $5.01 across the country.

A Government Willing to Use Every Lever

The administration viewed oil supply as an emergency and implemented various policies.

In March, President Donald Trump approved a 172-million-barrel exchange from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve as part of a coordinated 400-million-barrel release by International Energy Agency members. Companies borrowing this crude must return it with premiums. This approach allows emergency supply to reach markets without permanently removing all barrels from the reserve.

The Environmental Protection Agency approved nationwide summer sales of E15 and relaxed rules that divided the country into specialized gasoline markets. The White House also temporarily waived the Jones Act, allowing foreign-flagged ships to transport oil and fuel between American ports when shipping capacity was limited.

These actions cannot replace Hormuz but can buy time and reduce regional shortages.

Trump also approached sanctions policy thoughtfully. The administration temporarily allowed the sale of Iranian oil already at sea. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent described this as using “the Iranian barrels against Tehran” to keep prices low. Officials estimated that this waiver could release around 140 million barrels into global markets.

Domestic Production Provided a Cushion

Trump took office with a U.S. oil industry producing near record levels, and his administration continued to prioritize production. The Energy Information Administration expects American crude production to average 13.8 million barrels per day in 2026 and reach 14 million in 2027.

Domestic production does not insulate Americans from global prices, but it gives refiners more options and strengthens the country’s position during disruptions.

Alternative export routes have played a role as well. The International Energy Agency estimates that Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates can reroute 3.5 million to 5.5 million barrels per day through pipelines that avoid Hormuz. While this cannot fully replace normal strait traffic, it has prevented a complete cutoff.

Demand has also weakened. The IEA projected world oil demand would decrease in 2026 as expensive fuel, slower growth, and disruptions in aviation reduced consumption. This is not a direct achievement of the White House, but it made the administration’s actions more effective.

Diplomacy Moved Prices Faster Than Drilling

The biggest drop in prices came from diplomacy, not new oil wells.

After the United States and Iran reached an interim agreement in June, tanker traffic increased and crude prices fell from their wartime highs. Kpler analyst Muyu Xu noted that reopening Hormuz could release about 93 million barrels of stranded non-Iranian crude.

Gasoline prices followed suit, dropping from about $4.50 in May to below $4 in June. Patrick De Haan, GasBuddy’s head of petroleum analysis, referred to normal oil flows as “the clearest signal that this relief is durable.”

However, the relief did not last. Renewed fighting in July again reduced tanker traffic, and analysts predicted gasoline prices could rise back to $4. The latest $3.855 figure is thus an achievement under pressure, not a lasting victory.

Where Gas Prices Could Go Next

If Hormuz fully reopens and stays open, regular gasoline prices could settle between $3.35 and $3.60 per gallon by late 2026.

The EIA’s July forecast estimated the average for the third quarter at $3.80 and projected about $3.40 in the fourth quarter as crude supply stabilizes, inventories rebuild, and summer demand decreases. It expects global production and trade to return to prewar conditions by year’s end, though full restoration may extend into early 2027.

Prices will not drop dramatically overnight. Refinery margins remain high, gasoline stocks are tight, and a new attack could quickly restore the geopolitical premium.

Still, the difference from 2022 is significant. Trump’s administration used reserves, regulatory waivers, shipping flexibility, sanctions relief, and diplomacy to prevent a partially closed Hormuz from causing $5 gasoline again.

This record deserves recognition. Holding it will require reopening the strait, not just managing its closure.

The Government Is Controlling Your Time—and Ignoring Your Health

Congress Is Choosing Artificial Time Over Human Health

Congress claims it wants to stop Americans from changing their clocks. That part makes sense. The issue is what lawmakers decided to replace it with.

On July 14, 2026, the U.S. House passed the Sunshine Protection Act with a 308-117 vote, promoting permanent daylight saving time instead of permanent standard time. The bill now moves to the Senate and is not yet law. If passed, winter sunrises would happen one hour later by the clock. Washington would not create any extra minutes of daylight. It would only rename the morning, forcing schools, workplaces, and families to operate one hour later. Some communities could see winter sunrises as late as 9 a.m.

That is artificial time, created by legislation.

Doctors Favor the Time Nature Already Gives Us

The medical case is quite clear. In an official position statement, the American Academy of Sleep Medicine called for fixed, year-round standard time because standard time matches human circadian biology better. Morning light helps set the brain’s internal clock, supports alertness after waking, and allows the sleep hormone melatonin to rise at a more suitable time at night.

The American Medical Association reached the same conclusion. AMA Trustee Dr. Alexander Ding warned that the country has focused on later evening daylight while accepting public health and safety risks. He argued that permanent standard time would resolve the conflict between people’s biological clocks and their alarm clocks.

Permanent daylight saving time does the opposite. It makes sunrise happen an hour later according to the clock, while extra evening light leads people to stay awake longer. Congress can change what time appears on a clock, but it cannot force the human nervous system to ignore sunlight.

A 2025 analysis led by Stanford compared permanent standard time, permanent daylight saving time, and the current clock-switching system. Researchers found that permanent standard time caused the lowest expected circadian burden and greater estimated reductions in obesity and stroke compared to permanent daylight saving time. Though the findings depend on modeling assumptions, they support what sleep doctors have insisted for years: morning light matters.

The Health Risks Are Not a Talking Point

The clearest evidence of immediate harm comes from the spring shift to daylight saving time. A study published in Current Biology examined over two decades of U.S. fatal crash records. Researchers found about a 6 percent increase in fatal motor vehicle crashes during the workweek after the spring time change. The increase was particularly noticeable in the morning and in the western parts of time zones.

The American Heart Association has also pointed out studies suggesting more heart attacks and strokes following the spring change. Doctors believe that the sudden mix of lost sleep and circadian disruption may worsen blood pressure, inflammation, and cardiovascular stress in at-risk individuals.

These studies don’t prove that every day under permanent daylight saving time would cause the same short-term spike. They do show that shifting social schedules away from natural solar time can have real effects.

Permanent standard time would remove the disruptive clock change without locking the country into darker winter mornings. That is the medically responsible solution.

Children and Workers Should Not Begin the Day in Darkness

With permanent daylight saving time, children in many northern and western areas could wait for buses or walk to school before sunrise for weeks or months. Some locations might see winter sunrises around or after 9 a.m.

America already tried this. Congress imposed year-round daylight saving time in January 1974 during the energy crisis. Public support dropped sharply after families dealt with dark winter mornings, leading lawmakers to end the experiment early. Concerns about children traveling to school in darkness sparked a public backlash.

Construction crews, commuters, and agricultural workers would face similar issues. Farmers do not gain more daylight because of clock changes. Crops, morning dew, and livestock still depend on the sun. Farmers have historically opposed daylight saving time because commercial schedules changed while natural conditions stayed the same. The initial push for daylight saving time mainly came from industrial and commercial interests, not farmers.

Business Gets the Evening, the Public Gets the Risk

Supporters openly promote more evening shopping, tourism, golf, recreation, and economic activity. While those may be appealing commercial benefits, they are not medical proof. Daylight saving time has long received support from retail, tourism, and leisure industries because evening sunlight encourages people to stay outside and spend money.

This history is important. The House chose the option that provides businesses with a longer evening sales window, even though major medical organizations recommend permanent standard time.

This is government control in the most literal sense. Lawmakers can’t move the sun, so they change the legal clock and expect everyone else to adjust their lives accordingly.

Ending the clock changes makes sense. Making permanent daylight saving time the national default does not.

The Senate should reject artificial time and choose permanent standard time. Public policy should reflect human biology, not the cash register.

Japan’s Activist Boom Hits a Wall as Collusion Fears Grow

Japan’s corporate reform story has taken a more cautious turn. After years of encouraging investors to challenge underperforming boards, the ruling Liberal Democratic Party is now raising concerns about whether some activist funds and private equity firms are secretly collaborating to benefit from take-private deals.

In draft policy proposals reported on July 17, the LDP’s corporate governance team suggested that such cooperation could “raise concerns regarding both improving corporate value and legal fairness.” The document did not name any specific activist, buyout firm, company, or completed transaction to support this idea of collusion.

Japan’s Activist Boom Changed the Balance of Power

Japan has become a leading market for activism outside the United States. Activists have pressured companies to sell noncore assets, reduce cross-shareholdings, improve capital allocation, and return excess cash. These demands garnered support from the Tokyo Stock Exchange, which since 2023 has urged Prime and Standard Market companies to manage their cost of capital and stock price more effectively.

That policy is still in place. In April 2026, the exchange updated its request for capital efficiency and encouraged investors to maintain “constructive dialogue” with listed companies to boost corporate value over the medium and long term.

Activists have responded vigorously. Japanese companies faced a record 139 activist shareholder proposals as of June 3, according to Mitsubishi UFJ Trust Bank data reported by Reuters. Nineteen of these proposals aimed to oppose management-backed directors or nominate alternatives, up from seven in 2024.

Private equity has also expanded alongside activism. Last year, the value of Japanese private equity deals surged by 47.8 percent to $42 billion, according to Dealogic figures. Governance pressure can reveal undervalued businesses, while a buyout fund provides the capital needed to take a company private.

This process is not inherently wrong. It can reflect how a healthy market regulates ineffective management.

The Alleged Arrangement Goes Beyond Ordinary Activism

The LDP’s concern focuses on instances where activists may have worked quietly with buyout firms and reinvested part of their sale proceeds into vehicles created by buyers. The draft indicated suspicions that some investors were “securing unfair gains.”

Such arrangements could lead to clear conflicts. An activist who claims to seek the best price for all shareholders might privately benefit from opportunities that ordinary investors cannot access. This could affect which bidder the activist supports, whether they push for a sale, and how aggressively they negotiate the final price.

An activist selling shares and later investing in a private company does not necessarily indicate collusion. Investors often build relationships and take part in deals. The issue arises when significant financial incentives go undisclosed while the activist claims to represent all minority shareholders.

Toyota and Kakaku.com Show What Is at Stake

Toyota’s move to privatize Toyota Industries became a key test for protections for minority shareholders. Elliott Investment Management opposed earlier offers, claiming they were too low. Toyota ultimately increased its bid twice, from 16,300 yen a share to 20,600 yen, a 26 percent rise. Elliott accepted the final offer and described it as an “improved outcome” for minority shareholders.

This case illustrates the value activists can provide. A determined investor challenged a related-party transaction and helped secure a higher price. Limiting activism too broadly could undermine the market pressure Japan has worked hard to encourage.

Kakaku.com highlights another aspect of this growth. LY Corp and Bain Capital raised their bid for Kakaku.com to about $4.1 billion, competing against Sweden’s EQT. Kakaku.com changed its stance on EQT’s offer to neutral while continuing talks with both bidders.

Competitive pressure can drive up prices. Under-the-table arrangements can distort those dynamics.

Regulation Could Protect Fairness or Management

The LDP proposals reportedly suggest stricter standards for calling special shareholder meetings, limits on proposals involving management execution, and possible restrictions on appraisal claims by investors who purchase shares after a deal is announced. Appraisal rights enable dissenting shareholders to seek a court-determined fair value.

Some changes may prevent abusive arbitrage, while others could make it tougher to challenge entrenched boards or undervalued deals.

Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry is already revising its takeover framework. Its 2023 Guidelines for Corporate Takeovers emphasized corporate value, shareholder interests, and transparency. Draft interpretations released in June 2026 aim to clarify how the guidelines should be applied and what qualifies as a genuine acquisition proposal.

Japan should mandate disclosure of side agreements, rollover investments, and financial relationships between activists and bidders. Activism itself should not be seen as suspect.

The country’s credibility in reform hinges on this distinction. Rules that expose hidden incentives would strengthen Japan’s markets. Conversely, rules that aim to silence demanding investors would signal to global capital that reform is welcome only until it threatens to change control of Japanese companies.

Corporate Consolidation Is Making Inflation Worse and Consumer Choice Smaller

America’s inflation debate often focuses on clogged ports, stimulus spending, labor shortages, oil shocks, and interest rates. While these factors matter, they don’t fully explain why temporary cost increases can become permanent price floors. When a few companies dominate an industry, consumers can’t respond to a price hike by shopping elsewhere. A disruption then becomes a chance to raise prices, protect profits, and keep them high.

Corporate consolidation and inflation are linked because weak competition takes away the pressure that usually forces companies to absorb costs, improve service, and compete for customers.

This lack of pressure affects nearly every household budget.

Market Power Turns a Shock Into a Price Hike

Research from the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City found that company markups increased by 3.4 percent in 2021 while inflation, measured by the Personal Consumption Expenditures price index, reached 5.8 percent. The researchers estimated that markup growth could account for over half of that year’s inflation. They noted that this trend aligns more with companies forecasting future costs than with a sudden increase in monopoly power.

That caution is crucial. It also shows that pricing choices were significant. In a competitive market, a company that raises prices above its costs risks being undercut. In a concentrated market, too few rivals may lack the scale, inventory, or distribution network to impose that penalty.

Monopolization doesn’t cause every inflationary shock, but it makes such shocks easier to exploit and tougher to reverse.

The Grocery Aisle Shows How Concentration Works

The Federal Trade Commission’s grocery supply-chain investigation found that large market players worsened the damage from pandemic disruptions. Some major retailers used their purchasing power to secure scarce goods while smaller grocers struggled to keep their shelves stocked. The agency also noted that parts of the industry used rising costs as an excuse to increase prices and profits.

Food and beverage retailer revenue rose to 7 percent above total costs during the first three quarters of 2023, surpassing the previous peak mentioned by the FTC. This doesn’t prove that every grocery price increase was unjustified, but it shows that prices were not just following expenses.

Concentration limits choices before shoppers even reach the checkout. A powerful retailer can demand better allocations, a dominant supplier can prioritize its largest accounts, and smaller competitors can lose access to expected products. Shelves may still appear full, but the number of independent companies controlling production, wholesale distribution, and retail placement has declined.

Fewer Competitors Means Fewer Real Choices

The Justice Department and FTC’s 2023 Merger Guidelines describe competition as the force that drives businesses to lower prices, enhance quality, innovate, and broaden choices. The guidelines warn that mergers can cut down the number or appeal of alternatives for customers.

Consumer choice isn’t measured by counting colorful packages or slightly different subscription tiers. It depends on how many independent companies have a reason to earn a customer’s business.

When two competitors merge, products may not vanish immediately. What disappears is an independent decision-maker. One parent company can set prices, close overlapping locations, reduce service, cancel lower-margin products, or slow down innovation. The illusion of choice may linger long after real competition has faded.

The proposed Kroger-Albertsons merger illustrates why regulators are being more cautious. Federal and state judges blocked the $24.6 billion deal in 2024 after regulators argued that merging two major supermarket rivals would harm competition and risk higher grocery prices. The companies promised efficiencies, but courts focused on what consumers could lose.

Weak Competition Makes Inflation Stickier

When transportation, fuel, labor, or commodity costs rise, dominant firms can increase prices quickly. When those costs drop, the pressure to roll back prices is weaker because customers have fewer alternatives.

This creates a punishing cycle. Consumers pay more, the Federal Reserve reacts with higher interest rates, and households face costlier mortgages, vehicles, and credit cards. Small businesses bear the brunt of higher borrowing costs while the biggest firms retain the scale and market power that helped them maintain profit margins.

Antitrust enforcement can’t replace responsible monetary, fiscal, energy, or supply-chain policies. It’s not a magic fix. But treating inflation solely as excess demand or temporary shortages leaves a significant part of the pricing system unaddressed.

Competition Is a Cost-of-Living Policy

The solution isn’t to punish companies for being successful. It’s to prevent success from becoming a permanent right to exclude rivals. Regulators should closely examine serial acquisitions, challenge mergers that eliminate significant competitors, scrutinize exclusionary contracts, and lower barriers that stop new firms from entering concentrated markets.

A market with five logos but only two real decision-makers isn’t competitive.

Monopolization raises the cost of daily living twice: first through the bill consumers pay, and again through the choices they no longer have.